Mitosis and binary fission are both forms of cell division that produce identical, or close to identical, daughter cells. What is a difference between these two processes? Mitosis involves two rounds of divisions, whereas binary fission only involves one round of divisions. Mitosis takes longer because it involves more chromosomes and is a more complicated process. Binary fission involves multiple chromosomes, while mitosis only involves one circular chromosome. Binary fission takes longer because prokaryotic cells are more primitive and slower than eukaryotic cells.