Carrier sensing can transmit the data at anytime only the condition is before sending the data sense carrier if the carrier is free then send the data.
But the problem is the standing at one end of channel, we can’t send the entire carrier. Because of this 2 stations can transmit the data (use the channel) at the same time resulting in collisions.
There are no acknowledgement to detect collisions, It's stations responsibility to detect whether its data is falling into collisions or not.
Example:
[tex]T_{P}=1 H r[/tex], at time t = 10.00 AM, A starts, 10:59:59 AM B starts at time 11:00 AM collision starts.
12:00 AM A will see collisions
Pocket Size to detect the collision.
[tex]\begin{aligned}&T_{t} \geq 2 T_{P}\\&\frac{L}{B} \geq 2 T_{P}\\&L \geq 2 \times T_{P} \times B\end{aligned}[/tex]
CSMA/CD is widely used in Ethernet.
Efficiency of CSMA/CD:
We are given number of collisions (contentions slots)=4.
[tex]\text { Propagation day }=\frac{\text {distance}}{\text {speed}}[/tex]
Distance = 1km = 1000m
[tex]\begin{aligned}&\text { Speed }=2 \times 10^{8} \mathrm{m} / \mathrm{sec}\\ &T_{P}=\frac{1000}{2 \times 10^{8}}=(0.5) \times 10^{-5}=5 \times 10^{-6}\\ &T_{t}=5 \mu \mathrm{sec}\end{aligned}[/tex]
The worst-case collision detection time is equal to 5 microseconds.
Given the following data:
To determine the worst-case collision detection time:
A collision can be defined as a situation in which two (2) network device attempt to transmit data at exactly the same time.
A collision detection refers to the process through which a node determines whether or not a collision has occurred on a network.
In Computer networking, collision detection time is simply the time it takes a node to determine whether a collision has occurred on a network.
Mathematically, the collision detection time is given by this formula:
[tex]Time = \frac{distance}{speed}[/tex]
Substituting the given parameters into the formula, we have;
[tex]Time = \frac{1000}{200000000}\\\\Time = 5 \times 10^{-6} seconds[/tex]
Collision detection time = 5 microseconds.
Read more on collision detection here: https://brainly.com/question/15522309
